Meniscus Tear: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

A meniscus tear is one of the most common knee injuries, affecting athletes, active individuals, and even those with age-related degeneration. If you’re experiencing knee pain or limited movement in your knee joint, you might have a meniscus injury. 

At Orthopedic Specialists & Sports Medicine, serving Granville and Coshocton, Ohio, our expert team specializes in diagnosing and treating meniscal tears. Contact us today to learn more!

What is the Meniscus?

The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of cartilage in the knee joint that acts as a cushion between the thighbone (femur) and shinbone (tibia). Each knee has two menisci:

  • Medial meniscus – Located on the inner side of the knee
  • Lateral meniscus – Found on the outer side of the knee
 

These structures help stabilize the knee, absorb shock, and distribute weight evenly. When the meniscus tears, it can cause significant discomfort and mobility issues.

What is a Meniscus Tear?

A meniscus tear occurs when this cartilage is damaged due to sudden twisting, direct impact, or gradual wear and tear. Types of meniscus tears include:

  • Acute meniscus tears – Resulting from sudden injury or trauma
  • Degenerative meniscus tears – Due to aging and cartilage breakdown over time
 

Tears can vary in severity and location. For example, a medial meniscus tear affects the meniscus on the inside part of the knee, and a lateral meniscus tear affects the meniscus on the outside of the knee.

Tears are also noted by their appearance, as well as where the tear occurs in the meniscus. Some of the common types of tears include flap, bucket handle, and radial.

A male athlete tears his meniscus while running in Granville, Ohio.

Causes of a Meniscus Tear

Several factors can lead to a meniscus injury, including:

  • Sports injuries – Activities that involve pivoting, cutting, or sudden stops (e.g., basketball, soccer).
  • Knee injuries – Direct blows to the knee from accidents or falls.
  • Age-related degeneration – Weakened cartilage makes older adults more prone to degenerative meniscus tears.
  • Repetitive stress – Frequent squatting or kneeling can wear down the knee joint over time.

Meniscus Tear Symptoms

The meniscus tear symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and limited mobility. Common signs include:

  • Knee pain – Especially when twisting or rotating the knee
  • Swelling and stiffness – Fluid buildup in the knee due to inflammation
  • Clicking or locking – The knee may catch or lock in place
  • Reduced range of motion – Difficulty straightening or bending the knee
  • Instability – A feeling of the injured knee giving out
 

If you experience these symptoms, it’s essential to seek medical attention promptly.

Diagnosing a Meniscus Tear

A proper diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. At Orthopedic Specialists & Sports Medicine, we use advanced diagnostic tools, including:

  • Physical examination – Checking for tenderness, swelling, and range of motion
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – A detailed scan to detect meniscal tears and assess damage
  • X-rays – Rule out fractures or other common knee injuries

Treatment Options for a Meniscus Tear

Treatment for a torn meniscus depends on the severity and type of tear. Options include the following:

Non-Surgical Treatments

Most tears will not be operated on initially. Non-surgical treatments can help with the symptoms. If the symptoms improve and there is no locking in the knee, non-surgical treatments may be sufficient. Non-surgical treatments include the following:

  • Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) – Helps reduce pain and swelling
  • Anti-inflammatory medications – Alleviate pain and inflammation
  • Knee bracing – Provides stability and prevents further injury

Surgical Treatments

If conservative treatments fail, surgery may be necessary. At Orthopedic Specialists & Sports Medicine, our doctors use arthroscopic surgery to treat meniscus tears. This minimally invasive treatment uses small incisions leading to quicker recovery. Procedures include the following:

  • Meniscus repair – Stitches the tear back together
  • Meniscectomy – Partial or complete removal of the torn cartilage
  • Meniscus transplant – In severe cases, a donor meniscus may be used

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery time varies based on the treatment method. Physical therapy plays a vital role in regaining strength and mobility. General recovery timelines:

  • Non-surgical recovery – 6 to 8 weeks with physical therapy
  • Meniscus repair surgery – 3 to 6 months for full healing
  • Meniscectomy – 3 to 6 weeks before returning to normal activities

Expert Knee Care in Granville, Newark, and Beyond

At Orthopedic Specialists & Sports Medicine, we provide personalized treatment plans to help patients recover from knee injuries, including meniscus tears. Whether you need conservative care or advanced surgical solutions, our experienced team in Granville and Coshocton, OH, is here to help. 

If you’re experiencing meniscus tear symptoms, don’t wait—schedule an appointment today and take the first step toward pain-free movement!

Medically reviewed by Alex Tancevski, MD